Siste publikasjoner

40980 A06/21 Trond Bjørndal The Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Bluefin Tuna Fishery: Back from the Brink? /Files/Filer/Publications/A06_21.pdf At the turn of the century, the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean bluefin tuna stock (BFT) appeared to be severely overexploited with some commentators believing it was heading towards collapse. In 2006, a 15-year recovery plan was introduced with the purpose of restoring the stock to a level corresponding to maximum sustainable yield (MSY) with a probability of at least 50%. Stock size is now increasing, which has permitted higher TACs in recent years. In fact, the stock is now believed to be sustainably harvested. This represents a total turnaround from the situation of less than 15 years ago. The fishery is managed by the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), a Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (RFMO) in accordance with the 1995 United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement. BFT is classified as a highly migratory stock harvested by a large number of countries. Several authors have questioned the effectiveness of RFMOs. This paper analyses how cooperation has been achieved for BFT and whether the current cooperative management regime is stable, so as to see what lessons it holds for RFMO management, in particular when it comes to highly migratory stocks. 1 2021 0 PubID 40980 0 0 Pub_TypeNumber A06/21 0 1 Pub_Writer Trond Bjørndal 0 2 Pub_Title The Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Bluefin Tuna Fishery: Back from the Brink? 0 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A06_21.pdf 0 4 Pub_AbstractEn At the turn of the century, the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean bluefin tuna stock (BFT) appeared to be severely overexploited with some commentators believing it was heading towards collapse. In 2006, a 15-year recovery plan was introduced with the purpose of restoring the stock to a level corresponding to maximum sustainable yield (MSY) with a probability of at least 50%. Stock size is now increasing, which has permitted higher TACs in recent years. In fact, the stock is now believed to be sustainably harvested. This represents a total turnaround from the situation of less than 15 years ago. The fishery is managed by the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), a Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (RFMO) in accordance with the 1995 United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement. BFT is classified as a highly migratory stock harvested by a large number of countries. Several authors have questioned the effectiveness of RFMOs. This paper analyses how cooperation has been achieved for BFT and whether the current cooperative management regime is stable, so as to see what lessons it holds for RFMO management, in particular when it comes to highly migratory stocks. 0 5 Pub_Type 1 0 6 Pub_Year 2021 0 7 Pub_OldID 0 0 8 40979 Marine Policy, 132, 104669 (2021) Trond Bjørndal and Gordon R. Munro A game theoretic perspective on the management of shared North Sea fishery resources: Pre and post Brexit /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40979 1 0 Pub_TypeNumber Marine Policy, 132, 104669 (2021) 1 1 Pub_Writer Trond Bjørndal and Gordon R. Munro 1 2 Pub_Title A game theoretic perspective on the management of shared North Sea fishery resources: Pre and post Brexit 1 3 Pub_Publication /Files 1 4 Pub_AbstractEn 1 5 Pub_Type 3 1 6 Pub_Year 2021 1 7 Pub_OldID 0 1 8 40978 The Economic Journal (2021) Julian Vedeler Johnsen, Kjell Vaage and Alexander Willén Interactions in Public Policies: Spousal Responses and Program Spillovers of Welfare Reforms /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40978 2 0 Pub_TypeNumber The Economic Journal (2021) 2 1 Pub_Writer Julian Vedeler Johnsen, Kjell Vaage and Alexander Willén 2 2 Pub_Title Interactions in Public Policies: Spousal Responses and Program Spillovers of Welfare Reforms 2 3 Pub_Publication /Files 2 4 Pub_AbstractEn 2 5 Pub_Type 3 2 6 Pub_Year 2021 2 7 Pub_OldID 0 2 8 40977 A08/21 Ole-Andreas Elvik Naess Unbiased Media /Files/Filer/Publications/A08_21.pdf A large literature has analyzed media bias, but the question of identifying unbiased media behavior has received less attention. I address the topic of unbiasedness in a setting where a media firm engages in journalism that may affect the electoral outcome for political parties. I provide a characterization of the set of unbiased media strategies. I find that there are multiple strategies for unbiased media coverage, and that the choice of unbiased strategy will have electoral consequences. Because the electoral game is zero-sum, political parties will prefer different unbiased strategies. This paper rationalizes partisan differences in views about media bias. 1 2021 0 PubID 40977 3 0 Pub_TypeNumber A08/21 3 1 Pub_Writer Ole-Andreas Elvik Naess 3 2 Pub_Title Unbiased Media 3 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A08_21.pdf 3 4 Pub_AbstractEn A large literature has analyzed media bias, but the question of identifying unbiased media behavior has received less attention. I address the topic of unbiasedness in a setting where a media firm engages in journalism that may affect the electoral outcome for political parties. I provide a characterization of the set of unbiased media strategies. I find that there are multiple strategies for unbiased media coverage, and that the choice of unbiased strategy will have electoral consequences. Because the electoral game is zero-sum, political parties will prefer different unbiased strategies. This paper rationalizes partisan differences in views about media bias. 3 5 Pub_Type 1 3 6 Pub_Year 2021 3 7 Pub_OldID 0 3 8 40976 A07/21 Charlotte Bjørnhaug Evensen and Atle Haugen The impact of targeting technologies and consumer multi-homing on digital platform competition /Files/Filer/Publications/A07_21.pdf In this paper, we address how targeting and consumer multi-homing impact platform competition and market equilibria in two-sided markets. We analyze platforms that are financed by both advertising and subscription fees, and let them adopt a targeting technology with increasing performance in audience size: a larger audience generates more consumer data, which improves the platforms’ targeting ability and allows them to extract more ad revenues. Targeting therefore increases the importance of attracting consumers. Previous literature has shown that this could result in fierce price competition if consumers subscribe to only one platform (i.e. single-home). Surprisingly, we find that pure single-homing possibly does not constitute a Nash equilibrium. Instead, platforms might rationally set prices that induce consumers to subscribe to more than one platform (i.e. multi-home). With multi-homing, a platform’s audience size is not restricted by the number of subscribers on rival platforms. Hence, multi-homing softens the competition over consumers. We show that this might imply that equilibrium profit is higher with than without targeting, in sharp contrast to what previous literature predicts. 1 2021 0 PubID 40976 4 0 Pub_TypeNumber A07/21 4 1 Pub_Writer Charlotte Bjørnhaug Evensen and Atle Haugen 4 2 Pub_Title The impact of targeting technologies and consumer multi-homing on digital platform competition 4 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A07_21.pdf 4 4 Pub_AbstractEn In this paper, we address how targeting and consumer multi-homing impact platform competition and market equilibria in two-sided markets. We analyze platforms that are financed by both advertising and subscription fees, and let them adopt a targeting technology with increasing performance in audience size: a larger audience generates more consumer data, which improves the platforms’ targeting ability and allows them to extract more ad revenues. Targeting therefore increases the importance of attracting consumers. Previous literature has shown that this could result in fierce price competition if consumers subscribe to only one platform (i.e. single-home). Surprisingly, we find that pure single-homing possibly does not constitute a Nash equilibrium. Instead, platforms might rationally set prices that induce consumers to subscribe to more than one platform (i.e. multi-home). With multi-homing, a platform’s audience size is not restricted by the number of subscribers on rival platforms. Hence, multi-homing softens the competition over consumers. We show that this might imply that equilibrium profit is higher with than without targeting, in sharp contrast to what previous literature predicts. 4 5 Pub_Type 1 4 6 Pub_Year 2021 4 7 Pub_OldID 0 4 8 40975 A04/21 Steffen Juranek, Øivind A. Nilsen and Simen A. Ulsaker Bank consolidation, interest rates, and risk: A post-merger analysis based on loan-level data from the corporate sector /Files/Filer/Publications/A04_21.pdf In this paper we analyse the bank merger between DnB and Gjensidige Bank in 2003, ranked by market share as number one and number three in the Norwegian bank market. Focusing on loans to firms, the merger led to an immediately higher concentration in the banking market, but this concentration decreased in the following years. Looking only at new loans, the increase in concentration was not greater in affected markets (markets where both merging parties were present) compared to unaffected markets. The interest rate tended to be lower in the affected markets relative to unaffected markets, but this relationship was weak and not statistically significant. The merger also seemed to affect the riskiness of loans only marginally. These weak effects could be the result of efficiency gains in the form of lower costs being pass-through to customers, and the increased market power (and consequently higher interest rates) cancelled each other out. The remedial measures imposed by the Norwegian Competition Authority on the two merging parties are also likely to explain some of the modest effects of the merger. The weak effects are largely coincident with international literature showing the effects of mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector to be modest. 1 2021 0 PubID 40975 5 0 Pub_TypeNumber A04/21 5 1 Pub_Writer Steffen Juranek, Øivind A. Nilsen and Simen A. Ulsaker 5 2 Pub_Title Bank consolidation, interest rates, and risk: A post-merger analysis based on loan-level data from the corporate sector 5 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A04_21.pdf 5 4 Pub_AbstractEn In this paper we analyse the bank merger between DnB and Gjensidige Bank in 2003, ranked by market share as number one and number three in the Norwegian bank market. Focusing on loans to firms, the merger led to an immediately higher concentration in the banking market, but this concentration decreased in the following years. Looking only at new loans, the increase in concentration was not greater in affected markets (markets where both merging parties were present) compared to unaffected markets. The interest rate tended to be lower in the affected markets relative to unaffected markets, but this relationship was weak and not statistically significant. The merger also seemed to affect the riskiness of loans only marginally. These weak effects could be the result of efficiency gains in the form of lower costs being pass-through to customers, and the increased market power (and consequently higher interest rates) cancelled each other out. The remedial measures imposed by the Norwegian Competition Authority on the two merging parties are also likely to explain some of the modest effects of the merger. The weak effects are largely coincident with international literature showing the effects of mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector to be modest. 5 5 Pub_Type 1 5 6 Pub_Year 2021 5 7 Pub_OldID 0 5 8 40974 European Journal of Operational Research (2021) Evangelos Toumasatos, Leif Kristoffer Sandal and Stein Ivar Steinshamn Keep it in house or sell it abroad? A framework to evaluate fairness /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40974 6 0 Pub_TypeNumber European Journal of Operational Research (2021) 6 1 Pub_Writer Evangelos Toumasatos, Leif Kristoffer Sandal and Stein Ivar Steinshamn 6 2 Pub_Title Keep it in house or sell it abroad? A framework to evaluate fairness 6 3 Pub_Publication /Files 6 4 Pub_AbstractEn 6 5 Pub_Type 3 6 6 Pub_Year 2021 6 7 Pub_OldID 0 6 8 40973 Marine Policy, 131, 104622 (2021) Trond Bjørndal, Torben Foss, Gordon R. Munro and Mogens Schou Brexit and consequences for quota sharing in the Barents Sea cod fishery /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40973 7 0 Pub_TypeNumber Marine Policy, 131, 104622 (2021) 7 1 Pub_Writer Trond Bjørndal, Torben Foss, Gordon R. Munro and Mogens Schou 7 2 Pub_Title Brexit and consequences for quota sharing in the Barents Sea cod fishery 7 3 Pub_Publication /Files 7 4 Pub_AbstractEn 7 5 Pub_Type 3 7 6 Pub_Year 2021 7 7 Pub_OldID 0 7 8 40972 Magma, nr. 3, 94-103 (2021) Synnøve Nesse og Tove Frykmer Politisk-administrativ ledelse i Norge og Sverige under pandemien: Forskjell i ansvarsstrategi, kapasitet og legitimitet /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40972 8 0 Pub_TypeNumber Magma, nr. 3, 94-103 (2021) 8 1 Pub_Writer Synnøve Nesse og Tove Frykmer 8 2 Pub_Title Politisk-administrativ ledelse i Norge og Sverige under pandemien: Forskjell i ansvarsstrategi, kapasitet og legitimitet 8 3 Pub_Publication /Files 8 4 Pub_AbstractEn 8 5 Pub_Type 3 8 6 Pub_Year 2021 8 7 Pub_OldID 0 8 8 40971 Magma, nr. 3, 80-86 (2021) Birthe Kaafjord Lange og Monica Rydland Krise - håndbrekk eller brekkstang for strategisk endring? /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40971 9 0 Pub_TypeNumber Magma, nr. 3, 80-86 (2021) 9 1 Pub_Writer Birthe Kaafjord Lange og Monica Rydland 9 2 Pub_Title Krise - håndbrekk eller brekkstang for strategisk endring? 9 3 Pub_Publication /Files 9 4 Pub_AbstractEn 9 5 Pub_Type 3 9 6 Pub_Year 2021 9 7 Pub_OldID 0 9 8 40970 European Journal of Epidemiology (2021) Hans Hvide, Julian Vedeler Johnsen and Kjell Gunnar Salvanes Parental age and birth defects: A sibling study /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40970 10 0 Pub_TypeNumber European Journal of Epidemiology (2021) 10 1 Pub_Writer Hans Hvide, Julian Vedeler Johnsen and Kjell Gunnar Salvanes 10 2 Pub_Title Parental age and birth defects: A sibling study 10 3 Pub_Publication /Files 10 4 Pub_AbstractEn 10 5 Pub_Type 3 10 6 Pub_Year 2021 10 7 Pub_OldID 0 10 8 40969 Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 10, 100380 (2021) Esko Lehtonen, Fanny Malin, Satu Innamaa, Sina Nordhoff, Tyron Louw, Afsaneh Bjorvatn and Natasha Merat Are multimodal travellers going to abandon sustainable travel for L3 automated vehicles? /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 40969 11 0 Pub_TypeNumber Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 10, 100380 (2021) 11 1 Pub_Writer Esko Lehtonen, Fanny Malin, Satu Innamaa, Sina Nordhoff, Tyron Louw, Afsaneh Bjorvatn and Natasha Merat 11 2 Pub_Title Are multimodal travellers going to abandon sustainable travel for L3 automated vehicles? 11 3 Pub_Publication /Files 11 4 Pub_AbstractEn 11 5 Pub_Type 3 11 6 Pub_Year 2021 11 7 Pub_OldID 0 11 8 39969 R13/20 Bernhard Scholda The Impact of Team-Level Norms and Team Charters on the Performance-Trajectories of Work-Teams /Files/Filer/Publications/R13_20.pdf The emergence of team-level norms and their impact on team-level outcome variables over time is a recurring, yet under-researched topic. Recently, with the increasing application of teams by organizations and factors such as higher interdisciplinarity and dispersion further challenging teamwork processes, the upfront establishment of team charters has been suggested as a promising tool for triggering these norms and thus providing for more effective cooperation. In this context, a total of 32 articles was analyzed, giving a wide-ranged view on the status quo of the relevant literature, as well as highlighting considerable gaps of knowledge that future research should aim to address. 2 2020 0 PubID 39969 12 0 Pub_TypeNumber R13/20 12 1 Pub_Writer Bernhard Scholda 12 2 Pub_Title The Impact of Team-Level Norms and Team Charters on the Performance-Trajectories of Work-Teams 12 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R13_20.pdf 12 4 Pub_AbstractEn The emergence of team-level norms and their impact on team-level outcome variables over time is a recurring, yet under-researched topic. Recently, with the increasing application of teams by organizations and factors such as higher interdisciplinarity and dispersion further challenging teamwork processes, the upfront establishment of team charters has been suggested as a promising tool for triggering these norms and thus providing for more effective cooperation. In this context, a total of 32 articles was analyzed, giving a wide-ranged view on the status quo of the relevant literature, as well as highlighting considerable gaps of knowledge that future research should aim to address. 12 5 Pub_Type 2 12 6 Pub_Year 2020 12 7 Pub_OldID 0 12 8 38975 Economic Analysis and Policy, 71(12), 198-210 (2021) Daniel V. Gordon, R. Quentin Grafton and Stein Ivar Steinshamn Cross-country effects and policy responses to COVID-19 in 2020: The Nordic countries /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 38975 13 0 Pub_TypeNumber Economic Analysis and Policy, 71(12), 198-210 (2021) 13 1 Pub_Writer Daniel V. Gordon, R. Quentin Grafton and Stein Ivar Steinshamn 13 2 Pub_Title Cross-country effects and policy responses to COVID-19 in 2020: The Nordic countries 13 3 Pub_Publication /Files 13 4 Pub_AbstractEn 13 5 Pub_Type 3 13 6 Pub_Year 2021 13 7 Pub_OldID 0 13 8 38974 R12/20 Carlo Filippo Pedretti To what extent does transformational leadership impact employees’ innovative behaviors through the mediation of their prosocial motivation? /Files/Filer/Publications/R12_20.pdf The inner aim of the present research was to investigate to what extent a transformational leadership approach is able to impact employees’ innovative behaviors. In doing so, a third variable has been considered, namely prosocial motivation. Specifically, the latter has been taken into account from its state-like perspective and has been included in the current study as a mediator, capable of explaining the aforementioned relationship. From this standpoint, the related research model has been afterwards tested within a Norwegian company operating internationally in the medical industry and driven by the prosocial mission of “helping save lives”. Thanks to the examination of data gathered through a survey strategy, it was possible to corroborate the hypothesis proposing the existence of a positive impact of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative behaviors. Moreover, evidence was also found supporting the idea that the previous impact was significantly mediated by workers’ state-like prosocial motivation. In greater detail, it was rational to talk about partial mediation, since the effect generated by this construct was a negative one. Finally, the conclusive chapters of the research discussed its implications both theoretically and practically, as well as its limitations and future paths of analysis. 2 2020 0 PubID 38974 14 0 Pub_TypeNumber R12/20 14 1 Pub_Writer Carlo Filippo Pedretti 14 2 Pub_Title To what extent does transformational leadership impact employees’ innovative behaviors through the mediation of their prosocial motivation? 14 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R12_20.pdf 14 4 Pub_AbstractEn The inner aim of the present research was to investigate to what extent a transformational leadership approach is able to impact employees’ innovative behaviors. In doing so, a third variable has been considered, namely prosocial motivation. Specifically, the latter has been taken into account from its state-like perspective and has been included in the current study as a mediator, capable of explaining the aforementioned relationship. From this standpoint, the related research model has been afterwards tested within a Norwegian company operating internationally in the medical industry and driven by the prosocial mission of “helping save lives”. Thanks to the examination of data gathered through a survey strategy, it was possible to corroborate the hypothesis proposing the existence of a positive impact of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative behaviors. Moreover, evidence was also found supporting the idea that the previous impact was significantly mediated by workers’ state-like prosocial motivation. In greater detail, it was rational to talk about partial mediation, since the effect generated by this construct was a negative one. Finally, the conclusive chapters of the research discussed its implications both theoretically and practically, as well as its limitations and future paths of analysis. 14 5 Pub_Type 2 14 6 Pub_Year 2020 14 7 Pub_OldID 0 14 8 38973 R11/20 Ida Munch Aanonsen og Kristoffer Fure Psykologisk trygghet i veletablerte team. En eksplorerende casestudie av hvilken betydning endring fra fysisk til virtuelt samarbeid har for psykologisk trygghet /Files/Filer/Publications/R11_20_(1).pdf 2 2020 0 PubID 38973 15 0 Pub_TypeNumber R11/20 15 1 Pub_Writer Ida Munch Aanonsen og Kristoffer Fure 15 2 Pub_Title Psykologisk trygghet i veletablerte team. En eksplorerende casestudie av hvilken betydning endring fra fysisk til virtuelt samarbeid har for psykologisk trygghet 15 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R11_20_(1).pdf 15 4 Pub_AbstractEn 15 5 Pub_Type 2 15 6 Pub_Year 2020 15 7 Pub_OldID 0 15 8 38971 R10/20 John Martin Frankendal and Shayan Ghanbarisaied Enabling Innovation Through an Ecosystem. An Exploratory Case Study /Files/Filer/Publications/R10_20.pdf Moreover, the methodological approach chosen to answer the research objectives is a qualitative case study with an explorative design. A mix centred around both a deductive and inductive approach to theoretical development has been utilized. Furthermore, the main data source has been semi-structured interviews held with eight company representatives at seven different occasions. The interviewees come from the ecosystem facilitator, as well as five project members, who were all relevant in relation to the researched case project of insurance fraud. The findings showed that innovation was enabled in the context of the ecosystem and the insurance fraud project throughout six different subcategories. The subcategories, related to the innovation, inside the ecosystem consist of access, interface, and incentives. Subsequently, the three categories relevant to innovation inside the project are supporting specialists, entrustment, and neutral organizer. Through these six categories, innovation has been enabled in the researched setting. Thus, the research show that certain prerequisites could help to enable innovation inside an ecosystem. Incorporating the above-mentioned key success factors can help future innovation initiatives within ecosystems to flourish. 2 2020 0 PubID 38971 16 0 Pub_TypeNumber R10/20 16 1 Pub_Writer John Martin Frankendal and Shayan Ghanbarisaied 16 2 Pub_Title Enabling Innovation Through an Ecosystem. An Exploratory Case Study 16 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R10_20.pdf 16 4 Pub_AbstractEn Moreover, the methodological approach chosen to answer the research objectives is a qualitative case study with an explorative design. A mix centred around both a deductive and inductive approach to theoretical development has been utilized. Furthermore, the main data source has been semi-structured interviews held with eight company representatives at seven different occasions. The interviewees come from the ecosystem facilitator, as well as five project members, who were all relevant in relation to the researched case project of insurance fraud. The findings showed that innovation was enabled in the context of the ecosystem and the insurance fraud project throughout six different subcategories. The subcategories, related to the innovation, inside the ecosystem consist of access, interface, and incentives. Subsequently, the three categories relevant to innovation inside the project are supporting specialists, entrustment, and neutral organizer. Through these six categories, innovation has been enabled in the researched setting. Thus, the research show that certain prerequisites could help to enable innovation inside an ecosystem. Incorporating the above-mentioned key success factors can help future innovation initiatives within ecosystems to flourish. 16 5 Pub_Type 2 16 6 Pub_Year 2020 16 7 Pub_OldID 0 16 8 38968 Collabra: Psychology (2021) Simon Bø, Hallgeir Sjåstad and Elisabeth Norman Working for the Best or Bracing for the Worst? Approach and Avoidance Motivation in Planning /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 38968 17 0 Pub_TypeNumber Collabra: Psychology (2021) 17 1 Pub_Writer Simon Bø, Hallgeir Sjåstad and Elisabeth Norman 17 2 Pub_Title Working for the Best or Bracing for the Worst? Approach and Avoidance Motivation in Planning 17 3 Pub_Publication /Files 17 4 Pub_AbstractEn 17 5 Pub_Type 3 17 6 Pub_Year 2021 17 7 Pub_OldID 0 17 8 38967 Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies (RAFE) (2021) Anna Birgitte Milford, Nina Trandem and Armando Garcia Pires Fear of pesticide residues and preference for domestically produced strawberries /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 38967 18 0 Pub_TypeNumber Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies (RAFE) (2021) 18 1 Pub_Writer Anna Birgitte Milford, Nina Trandem and Armando Garcia Pires 18 2 Pub_Title Fear of pesticide residues and preference for domestically produced strawberries 18 3 Pub_Publication /Files 18 4 Pub_AbstractEn 18 5 Pub_Type 3 18 6 Pub_Year 2021 18 7 Pub_OldID 0 18 8 38966 R01/21 Corbett Grainger Fiskesalgslag, omsetningsformer og økonomisk verdiskaping i norske fiskerier /Files/Filer/Publications/R01_21_(1).pdf 2 2021 0 PubID 38966 19 0 Pub_TypeNumber R01/21 19 1 Pub_Writer Corbett Grainger 19 2 Pub_Title Fiskesalgslag, omsetningsformer og økonomisk verdiskaping i norske fiskerier 19 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R01_21_(1).pdf 19 4 Pub_AbstractEn 19 5 Pub_Type 2 19 6 Pub_Year 2021 19 7 Pub_OldID 0 19 8 38965 A11/20 Oda Haugen Haagensen and Ragnhild Vetrhus Sørlie Consequences of Competition and Proximity on the Stability in Banking. Are there Cyclical Tendencies in Risk Taking, through Distant Lending, in the Corporate Loan Market in Norway? /Files/Filer/Publications/A11_20_(1).pdf In this thesis, we attempt to provide evidence on how competition in the corporate loan market in Norway affects banks’ risk taking, and hence the financial stability, through distant lending over the business cycle. We use comprehensive data from the Norwegian banking market, containing annual information on 169 banks and approximately 136 000 firms over the period 1997 to 2013. Our analysis provides ambiguous results on whether there is cyclical variation in lending distances, and collectively we cannot conclude that there is a clear relationship between business cycles and loan distances. Furthermore, we cannot conclude that increased lending distance is associated with increased risk. Since we do not find such a relationship, we do not consider it beneficial to run our last model investigating the effect of competition on banks’ risk taking, through distant lending. Regardless of whether increased competition leads to increased lending distances, it is not possible to measure whether competition affect banks’ risk taking, as we cannot use distance as an adequate proxy for the risk associated with a loan. Hence, we cannot conclude that competition in the Norwegian banking sector has a negative impact on financial stability through distant lending. 1 2020 0 PubID 38965 20 0 Pub_TypeNumber A11/20 20 1 Pub_Writer Oda Haugen Haagensen and Ragnhild Vetrhus Sørlie 20 2 Pub_Title Consequences of Competition and Proximity on the Stability in Banking. Are there Cyclical Tendencies in Risk Taking, through Distant Lending, in the Corporate Loan Market in Norway? 20 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A11_20_(1).pdf 20 4 Pub_AbstractEn In this thesis, we attempt to provide evidence on how competition in the corporate loan market in Norway affects banks’ risk taking, and hence the financial stability, through distant lending over the business cycle. We use comprehensive data from the Norwegian banking market, containing annual information on 169 banks and approximately 136 000 firms over the period 1997 to 2013. Our analysis provides ambiguous results on whether there is cyclical variation in lending distances, and collectively we cannot conclude that there is a clear relationship between business cycles and loan distances. Furthermore, we cannot conclude that increased lending distance is associated with increased risk. Since we do not find such a relationship, we do not consider it beneficial to run our last model investigating the effect of competition on banks’ risk taking, through distant lending. Regardless of whether increased competition leads to increased lending distances, it is not possible to measure whether competition affect banks’ risk taking, as we cannot use distance as an adequate proxy for the risk associated with a loan. Hence, we cannot conclude that competition in the Norwegian banking sector has a negative impact on financial stability through distant lending. 20 5 Pub_Type 1 20 6 Pub_Year 2020 20 7 Pub_OldID 0 20 8 38962 A05/21 Corbett Grainger Sales Organizations, Industrial Organization and Economic Value in Norway /Files/Filer/Publications/A05_21.pdf In Norway fish sales organizations have the right to set the terms of all transactions between member fishers and prospective buyers. This report studies the impact of sales organizations on the value of the harvest sector. We study how two of the largest sales organizations, Norges Sildesalgslag and Sunnmøre og Romsdal Fiskesalslag (SUROFI), affect the value of the harvest of its member fishers. We find that sales organizations create significant value for member fishers. By organizing auctions, fishing firms are able to receive higher prices for their harvests than if the same fish were sold through contracts. We also find that prices reflect market fundamentals such as the degree of competition on both the buyer and seller sides. This may have consequences for future developments in a market characterized by consolidation on both sides. 1 2021 0 PubID 38962 21 0 Pub_TypeNumber A05/21 21 1 Pub_Writer Corbett Grainger 21 2 Pub_Title Sales Organizations, Industrial Organization and Economic Value in Norway 21 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A05_21.pdf 21 4 Pub_AbstractEn In Norway fish sales organizations have the right to set the terms of all transactions between member fishers and prospective buyers. This report studies the impact of sales organizations on the value of the harvest sector. We study how two of the largest sales organizations, Norges Sildesalgslag and Sunnmøre og Romsdal Fiskesalslag (SUROFI), affect the value of the harvest of its member fishers. We find that sales organizations create significant value for member fishers. By organizing auctions, fishing firms are able to receive higher prices for their harvests than if the same fish were sold through contracts. We also find that prices reflect market fundamentals such as the degree of competition on both the buyer and seller sides. This may have consequences for future developments in a market characterized by consolidation on both sides. 21 5 Pub_Type 1 21 6 Pub_Year 2021 21 7 Pub_OldID 0 21 8 38961 Norsk statsvitenskapelig tidsskrift, 37(1), 50-68 (2021) Simone Brattli, Miriam Molvær og Torstein Nesheim Fleksibel struktur i to statsetater /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 38961 22 0 Pub_TypeNumber Norsk statsvitenskapelig tidsskrift, 37(1), 50-68 (2021) 22 1 Pub_Writer Simone Brattli, Miriam Molvær og Torstein Nesheim 22 2 Pub_Title Fleksibel struktur i to statsetater 22 3 Pub_Publication /Files 22 4 Pub_AbstractEn 22 5 Pub_Type 3 22 6 Pub_Year 2021 22 7 Pub_OldID 0 22 8 37962 A03/21 Charlotte B. Evensen, Øystein Foros, Atle Haugen and Hans Jarle Kind Size-based input price discrimination under endogenous inside options /Files/Filer/Publications/A03_21.pdf Individual retailers may choose to invest in a substitute to a dominant supplier's products (inside option) as a way of improving its position towards the supplier. Given that a large retailer has stronger investment incentives than a smaller rival, the large retailer may obtain a selective rebate (size-based price discrimination). Yet, we often observe that suppliers do not price discriminate between retailers that differ in size. Why is this so? We argue that the explanation may be related to the competitive pressure among the retailers. The more fiercely the retailers compete, the more each retailer cares about its relative input prices. Other things equal, this implies that the retailers will invest more in the substitute the greater the competitive pressure. We show that if the competitive pressure is sufficiently strong, the supplier can profitably incentivize the retailer to reduce its investments in substitutes by committing to charge a uniform input price. Furthermore, we show that under uniform input pricing, the large retailer may induce smaller rivals to exit the market by strategically under-investing in inside options. 1 2021 0 PubID 37962 23 0 Pub_TypeNumber A03/21 23 1 Pub_Writer Charlotte B. Evensen, Øystein Foros, Atle Haugen and Hans Jarle Kind 23 2 Pub_Title Size-based input price discrimination under endogenous inside options 23 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A03_21.pdf 23 4 Pub_AbstractEn Individual retailers may choose to invest in a substitute to a dominant supplier's products (inside option) as a way of improving its position towards the supplier. Given that a large retailer has stronger investment incentives than a smaller rival, the large retailer may obtain a selective rebate (size-based price discrimination). Yet, we often observe that suppliers do not price discriminate between retailers that differ in size. Why is this so? We argue that the explanation may be related to the competitive pressure among the retailers. The more fiercely the retailers compete, the more each retailer cares about its relative input prices. Other things equal, this implies that the retailers will invest more in the substitute the greater the competitive pressure. We show that if the competitive pressure is sufficiently strong, the supplier can profitably incentivize the retailer to reduce its investments in substitutes by committing to charge a uniform input price. Furthermore, we show that under uniform input pricing, the large retailer may induce smaller rivals to exit the market by strategically under-investing in inside options. 23 5 Pub_Type 1 23 6 Pub_Year 2021 23 7 Pub_OldID 0 23 8 37961 A02/21 Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Greg Shaffer Less is more in bilateral channel coordination? Linear wholesale pricing may out-perform more complex contracts /Files/Filer/Publications/A02_21.pdf In many markets we observe that suppliers and retailers use simple, linear wholesale tariffs instead of non-linear tariffs. Does this mean that they leave money on the table? Not necessarily. On the contrary, in a bilateral bargaining framework with a dominant supplier and two competing retailers, we find that firms may leave money on the table if they use non-linear tariffs. Fewer instruments could generate more profit (less is more). We show that whether industry profit is higher with linear tariffs or non-linear tariffs depends on the degree of retail competition and the distribution of bargaining power. In some cases, the retailers and the supplier have conflicting preferences with respect to the contract structure (linear or non-linear tariffs). In other cases, however, both the supplier and the retailers are better off with linear tariffs. 1 2021 0 PubID 37961 24 0 Pub_TypeNumber A02/21 24 1 Pub_Writer Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Greg Shaffer 24 2 Pub_Title Less is more in bilateral channel coordination? Linear wholesale pricing may out-perform more complex contracts 24 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A02_21.pdf 24 4 Pub_AbstractEn In many markets we observe that suppliers and retailers use simple, linear wholesale tariffs instead of non-linear tariffs. Does this mean that they leave money on the table? Not necessarily. On the contrary, in a bilateral bargaining framework with a dominant supplier and two competing retailers, we find that firms may leave money on the table if they use non-linear tariffs. Fewer instruments could generate more profit (less is more). We show that whether industry profit is higher with linear tariffs or non-linear tariffs depends on the degree of retail competition and the distribution of bargaining power. In some cases, the retailers and the supplier have conflicting preferences with respect to the contract structure (linear or non-linear tariffs). In other cases, however, both the supplier and the retailers are better off with linear tariffs. 24 5 Pub_Type 1 24 6 Pub_Year 2021 24 7 Pub_OldID 0 24 8 36965 A09/20 Øystein Evenstad The role of data: A two-sided model of competition between Google and DuckDuckGo /Files/Filer/Publications/A09_20.pdf This thesis aims to analyze the consumer data’s role as a revenue-shifting input in a two-sided competition-in-utility model between a search engine collecting personalized consumer data (Google) and one that does not (DuckDuckGo). Search engines are examples of platforms characterized by network externalities. They harvest the attention of users and resell this attention to advertisers. As such, standard market mechanisms typical of single-sided markets do not apply. In our model, advertisers are willing to pay a higher premium for targeted search results utilizing consumer data. As such, a search engine like Google can command higher prices per sponsored link if it collects more personalized data from its users. This must be balanced against demand effects stemming from consumer aversion towards the disclosure of personal data. DuckDuckGo, a search engine that explicitly does not collect consumer data, can use investments in consumer aversion strategically to capture market shares from Google. We find that Google has an incentive to collect consumer data and that the presence of DuckDuckGo will moderate the amount. We also find that as consumer aversion to advertisements increases, Google will choose to collect more consumer data as DuckDuckGo’s incentives to respond with investments in privacy awareness are reduced. 1 2020 0 PubID 36965 25 0 Pub_TypeNumber A09/20 25 1 Pub_Writer Øystein Evenstad 25 2 Pub_Title The role of data: A two-sided model of competition between Google and DuckDuckGo 25 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A09_20.pdf 25 4 Pub_AbstractEn This thesis aims to analyze the consumer data’s role as a revenue-shifting input in a two-sided competition-in-utility model between a search engine collecting personalized consumer data (Google) and one that does not (DuckDuckGo). Search engines are examples of platforms characterized by network externalities. They harvest the attention of users and resell this attention to advertisers. As such, standard market mechanisms typical of single-sided markets do not apply. In our model, advertisers are willing to pay a higher premium for targeted search results utilizing consumer data. As such, a search engine like Google can command higher prices per sponsored link if it collects more personalized data from its users. This must be balanced against demand effects stemming from consumer aversion towards the disclosure of personal data. DuckDuckGo, a search engine that explicitly does not collect consumer data, can use investments in consumer aversion strategically to capture market shares from Google. We find that Google has an incentive to collect consumer data and that the presence of DuckDuckGo will moderate the amount. We also find that as consumer aversion to advertisements increases, Google will choose to collect more consumer data as DuckDuckGo’s incentives to respond with investments in privacy awareness are reduced. 25 5 Pub_Type 1 25 6 Pub_Year 2020 25 7 Pub_OldID 0 25 8 36964 A07/20 Martin Richardson and Frank Stähler Some Economics of Echo Chambers /Files/Filer/Publications/A07_20_(1).pdf This paper analyzes competition between a media firm providing true information (news) and two “fake news” providers that create echo chambers. Information from the media firm is uncertain but truthful, and consumers enjoy confirmation of their prior beliefs due to cognitive dissonances. We show that, even if real news is more valued than fake news, entry by fake news providers becomes more profitable with the variance of information. Furthermore, a public news provider makes entry for fake news providers harder compared to a profit-maximizing media firm. 1 2020 0 PubID 36964 26 0 Pub_TypeNumber A07/20 26 1 Pub_Writer Martin Richardson and Frank Stähler 26 2 Pub_Title Some Economics of Echo Chambers 26 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A07_20_(1).pdf 26 4 Pub_AbstractEn This paper analyzes competition between a media firm providing true information (news) and two “fake news” providers that create echo chambers. Information from the media firm is uncertain but truthful, and consumers enjoy confirmation of their prior beliefs due to cognitive dissonances. We show that, even if real news is more valued than fake news, entry by fake news providers becomes more profitable with the variance of information. Furthermore, a public news provider makes entry for fake news providers harder compared to a profit-maximizing media firm. 26 5 Pub_Type 1 26 6 Pub_Year 2020 26 7 Pub_OldID 0 26 8 36963 A06/20 Malin Arve, Øystein Foros and Hans Jarle Kind Access-price structure and entrants’ build-or-buy incentives in mobile markets /Files/Filer/Publications/A06_20_(1).pdf We consider a market structure with three mobile providers, two of which are vertically integrated and have nationwide coverage. The third provider (an entrant) invests in partial coverage, and needs to rent access from one of its rivals in order to provide nationwide coverage. The paper is motivated by the Norwegian mobile market, where the competition authorities imposed a fine of EUR 78 million on Telenor (the dominant incumbent) for abusing market power by changing the access price structure in such a way that it hampered the entrant’s investment incentives. Specifically, Telenor reduced the rental rate for the actual use of Telenor’s network. At the same time, they introduced a SIM card fee payable by the entrant for each of its consumers. We show that the relationship between the change in the access price structure and the entrant’s investment level is ambiguous. Competition among the vertically-integrated providers in the access market may drive them to offer a structure that benefits the entrant. Thus, the observed change in access price structure may be the outcome of intensified upstream competition rather than abuse of market power. 1 2020 0 PubID 36963 27 0 Pub_TypeNumber A06/20 27 1 Pub_Writer Malin Arve, Øystein Foros and Hans Jarle Kind 27 2 Pub_Title Access-price structure and entrants’ build-or-buy incentives in mobile markets 27 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A06_20_(1).pdf 27 4 Pub_AbstractEn We consider a market structure with three mobile providers, two of which are vertically integrated and have nationwide coverage. The third provider (an entrant) invests in partial coverage, and needs to rent access from one of its rivals in order to provide nationwide coverage. The paper is motivated by the Norwegian mobile market, where the competition authorities imposed a fine of EUR 78 million on Telenor (the dominant incumbent) for abusing market power by changing the access price structure in such a way that it hampered the entrant’s investment incentives. Specifically, Telenor reduced the rental rate for the actual use of Telenor’s network. At the same time, they introduced a SIM card fee payable by the entrant for each of its consumers. We show that the relationship between the change in the access price structure and the entrant’s investment level is ambiguous. Competition among the vertically-integrated providers in the access market may drive them to offer a structure that benefits the entrant. Thus, the observed change in access price structure may be the outcome of intensified upstream competition rather than abuse of market power. 27 5 Pub_Type 1 27 6 Pub_Year 2020 27 7 Pub_OldID 0 27 8 36961 Environmental and Resource Economics, 1-23 (2021) Sturla F. Kvamsdal, Ivan Belik, Arnt Ove Hopland and Yuanhao Li A Machine Learning Analysis of the Recent Environmental and Resource Economics Literature /Files 3 2021 0 PubID 36961 28 0 Pub_TypeNumber Environmental and Resource Economics, 1-23 (2021) 28 1 Pub_Writer Sturla F. Kvamsdal, Ivan Belik, Arnt Ove Hopland and Yuanhao Li 28 2 Pub_Title A Machine Learning Analysis of the Recent Environmental and Resource Economics Literature 28 3 Pub_Publication /Files 28 4 Pub_AbstractEn 28 5 Pub_Type 3 28 6 Pub_Year 2021 28 7 Pub_OldID 0 28 8 36960 Review of Network Economics, 19(1), 43-83 (2020) Armando J. Garcia Pires Content Provision in the Media Market with Single-Homing and Multi-Homing Consumers /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36960 29 0 Pub_TypeNumber Review of Network Economics, 19(1), 43-83 (2020) 29 1 Pub_Writer Armando J. Garcia Pires 29 2 Pub_Title Content Provision in the Media Market with Single-Homing and Multi-Homing Consumers 29 3 Pub_Publication /Files 29 4 Pub_AbstractEn 29 5 Pub_Type 3 29 6 Pub_Year 2020 29 7 Pub_OldID 0 29 8 36957 Work, Employment and Society (2020) Karen Modesta Olsen Employment Trade-Offs under Different Family Policy Constellations /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36957 30 0 Pub_TypeNumber Work, Employment and Society (2020) 30 1 Pub_Writer Karen Modesta Olsen 30 2 Pub_Title Employment Trade-Offs under Different Family Policy Constellations 30 3 Pub_Publication /Files 30 4 Pub_AbstractEn 30 5 Pub_Type 3 30 6 Pub_Year 2020 30 7 Pub_OldID 0 30 8 36956 Long Range Planning, 53(6) (2020) Martin Friesl, Inger G. Stensaker og Helene Loe Colman Strategy implementation: Taking stock and moving forward /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36956 31 0 Pub_TypeNumber Long Range Planning, 53(6) (2020) 31 1 Pub_Writer Martin Friesl, Inger G. Stensaker og Helene Loe Colman 31 2 Pub_Title Strategy implementation: Taking stock and moving forward 31 3 Pub_Publication /Files 31 4 Pub_AbstractEn 31 5 Pub_Type 3 31 6 Pub_Year 2020 31 7 Pub_OldID 0 31 8 36955 Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(3), 449-462 (2020) Inger Nordli Basker, Therese Sverdrup, Vidar Schei og Alexander Madsen Sandvik Embracing the duality of consideration and initiating structure: CEO leadership behaviors and small firm performance /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36955 32 0 Pub_TypeNumber Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(3), 449-462 (2020) 32 1 Pub_Writer Inger Nordli Basker, Therese Sverdrup, Vidar Schei og Alexander Madsen Sandvik 32 2 Pub_Title Embracing the duality of consideration and initiating structure: CEO leadership behaviors and small firm performance 32 3 Pub_Publication /Files 32 4 Pub_AbstractEn 32 5 Pub_Type 3 32 6 Pub_Year 2020 32 7 Pub_OldID 0 32 8 36953 2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (2020) Vit Prochazka and Roar Adland Feature Engineering for Supply Analysis in Ocean Transportation /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36953 33 0 Pub_TypeNumber 2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (2020) 33 1 Pub_Writer Vit Prochazka and Roar Adland 33 2 Pub_Title Feature Engineering for Supply Analysis in Ocean Transportation 33 3 Pub_Publication /Files 33 4 Pub_AbstractEn 33 5 Pub_Type 3 33 6 Pub_Year 2020 33 7 Pub_OldID 0 33 8 36952 2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (2020) Gabriel Fuentes and Roar Adland A Spatial Framework for Extracting Suez Canal Transit Information from AIS /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36952 34 0 Pub_TypeNumber 2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (2020) 34 1 Pub_Writer Gabriel Fuentes and Roar Adland 34 2 Pub_Title A Spatial Framework for Extracting Suez Canal Transit Information from AIS 34 3 Pub_Publication /Files 34 4 Pub_AbstractEn 34 5 Pub_Type 3 34 6 Pub_Year 2020 34 7 Pub_OldID 0 34 8 36947 Transportation Research Part F, 74, 280-297 (2020) Sina Nordhoff, Tyron Louw, Satu Innamaa, Esko Lehtonen, Anja Beuster, Guilhermina Torrao, Afsaneh Bjorvatn, Tanja Kessel, Fanny Malin, Riender Happee and Natasha Merat Using the UTAUT2 model to explain public acceptance of conditionally automated (L3) cars: A questionnaire study among 9,118 car drivers from eight European countries /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36947 35 0 Pub_TypeNumber Transportation Research Part F, 74, 280-297 (2020) 35 1 Pub_Writer Sina Nordhoff, Tyron Louw, Satu Innamaa, Esko Lehtonen, Anja Beuster, Guilhermina Torrao, Afsaneh Bjorvatn, Tanja Kessel, Fanny Malin, Riender Happee and Natasha Merat 35 2 Pub_Title Using the UTAUT2 model to explain public acceptance of conditionally automated (L3) cars: A questionnaire study among 9,118 car drivers from eight European countries 35 3 Pub_Publication /Files 35 4 Pub_AbstractEn 35 5 Pub_Type 3 35 6 Pub_Year 2020 35 7 Pub_OldID 0 35 8 36940 R09/20 Ivar Gaasland Norsk produksjon av jordbruksvarer – hvem betaler regningen? /Files/Filer/Publications/SNF-R 09_20.pdf 2 2020 0 PubID 36940 36 0 Pub_TypeNumber R09/20 36 1 Pub_Writer Ivar Gaasland 36 2 Pub_Title Norsk produksjon av jordbruksvarer – hvem betaler regningen? 36 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/SNF-R 09_20.pdf 36 4 Pub_AbstractEn 36 5 Pub_Type 2 36 6 Pub_Year 2020 36 7 Pub_OldID 0 36 8 36939 SAGE Open Medicine, 8 (2020) Anne-Mette Magnussen, Afsaneh Bjorvatn and Lisa Wallander Law and medical practice: A comparative vignette survey of cardiologists in Norway and Denmark /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36939 37 0 Pub_TypeNumber SAGE Open Medicine, 8 (2020) 37 1 Pub_Writer Anne-Mette Magnussen, Afsaneh Bjorvatn and Lisa Wallander 37 2 Pub_Title Law and medical practice: A comparative vignette survey of cardiologists in Norway and Denmark 37 3 Pub_Publication /Files 37 4 Pub_AbstractEn 37 5 Pub_Type 3 37 6 Pub_Year 2020 37 7 Pub_OldID 0 37 8 36937 Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 32(5), 875-887 (2020) Daniela Argento, Katarina Kaarbøe and Jarmo Vakkuri Constructing certainty through public budgeting: budgeting responses to COVID-19 pandemic in Finland, Norway and Sweden /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36937 38 0 Pub_TypeNumber Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 32(5), 875-887 (2020) 38 1 Pub_Writer Daniela Argento, Katarina Kaarbøe and Jarmo Vakkuri 38 2 Pub_Title Constructing certainty through public budgeting: budgeting responses to COVID-19 pandemic in Finland, Norway and Sweden 38 3 Pub_Publication /Files 38 4 Pub_AbstractEn 38 5 Pub_Type 3 38 6 Pub_Year 2020 38 7 Pub_OldID 0 38 8 36936 European Management Review, 17(4), 1015-1026 (2020) Marcus Selart, Vidar Schei, Rune Lines and Synnøve Nesse Can Mindfulness be Helpful in Team Decision-Making? A Framework for Understanding How to Mitigate False Consensus /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36936 39 0 Pub_TypeNumber European Management Review, 17(4), 1015-1026 (2020) 39 1 Pub_Writer Marcus Selart, Vidar Schei, Rune Lines and Synnøve Nesse 39 2 Pub_Title Can Mindfulness be Helpful in Team Decision-Making? A Framework for Understanding How to Mitigate False Consensus 39 3 Pub_Publication /Files 39 4 Pub_AbstractEn 39 5 Pub_Type 3 39 6 Pub_Year 2020 39 7 Pub_OldID 0 39 8 36935 Facilities (2020) Arnt-Ove Hopland and Sturla F. Kvamsdal Academics' preferences for office spaces /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36935 40 0 Pub_TypeNumber Facilities (2020) 40 1 Pub_Writer Arnt-Ove Hopland and Sturla F. Kvamsdal 40 2 Pub_Title Academics' preferences for office spaces 40 3 Pub_Publication /Files 40 4 Pub_AbstractEn 40 5 Pub_Type 3 40 6 Pub_Year 2020 40 7 Pub_OldID 0 40 8 36934 R08/20 Sagar D. Gaikwad and Maximilian S. Herczeg Human Resource Management Perceptions in the Algorithm-driven Platform Economy. An Exploratory Study on the Role of Key Actors in the Food Delivery Sector /Files/Filer/Publications/R08_20.pdf <p>This study is an examination of human resource management (HRM) in the platform-driven gig economy. More specifically, this research aims to answer the following question:<br />How do different actors in the algorithm-driven platform economy influence HRM perceptions of gig workers?</p> <p>A qualitative method is used to collect and analyse non-numerical data from interviews with gig workers in the food delivery sector. The research scope is narrowed down to Europe, and the participants interviewed are residents in the Netherlands, Norway and Germany. The gig workers interviewed have worked for Uber Eats, Foodora and Deliveroo.</p> <p>Human research management can contribute greatly to a firm&rsquo;s performance and competitive advantage. However, past research on HRM has mainly been conducted in more traditional sectors, which are not based on algorithms and technology. Furthermore, an increasing number of companies use automated, less human-based approaches in managing their workforce. This study thus aims to understand which actors affect the gig worker&rsquo;s perception of HRM and how they do so.</p> <p>The results of this research found differences in the perceptions of riders across gig companies, depending not only on the company they work at but also on the country they are working in. The main finding of the research is that seven key actors play major influencing roles in developing HRM perceptions of the riders. The actors are the companies, merchants, customers, fellow riders, tax offices, trade unions and the riders themselves. The strongest factors influencing HRM perceptions are money, flexibility, rewards, customer tips, the unpredictability of waiting time, solidarity with other riders, employee support from trade unions and self-motivation of the riders.</p> <p>Thus, the research provides interesting and relevant primary evidence showing that multiple actors influence the positive and negative perceptions for riders working in the food delivery sector in the platform economy.</p> 2 2020 0 PubID 36934 41 0 Pub_TypeNumber R08/20 41 1 Pub_Writer Sagar D. Gaikwad and Maximilian S. Herczeg 41 2 Pub_Title Human Resource Management Perceptions in the Algorithm-driven Platform Economy. An Exploratory Study on the Role of Key Actors in the Food Delivery Sector 41 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R08_20.pdf 41 4 Pub_AbstractEn <p>This study is an examination of human resource management (HRM) in the platform-driven gig economy. More specifically, this research aims to answer the following question:<br />How do different actors in the algorithm-driven platform economy influence HRM perceptions of gig workers?</p> <p>A qualitative method is used to collect and analyse non-numerical data from interviews with gig workers in the food delivery sector. The research scope is narrowed down to Europe, and the participants interviewed are residents in the Netherlands, Norway and Germany. The gig workers interviewed have worked for Uber Eats, Foodora and Deliveroo.</p> <p>Human research management can contribute greatly to a firm&rsquo;s performance and competitive advantage. However, past research on HRM has mainly been conducted in more traditional sectors, which are not based on algorithms and technology. Furthermore, an increasing number of companies use automated, less human-based approaches in managing their workforce. This study thus aims to understand which actors affect the gig worker&rsquo;s perception of HRM and how they do so.</p> <p>The results of this research found differences in the perceptions of riders across gig companies, depending not only on the company they work at but also on the country they are working in. The main finding of the research is that seven key actors play major influencing roles in developing HRM perceptions of the riders. The actors are the companies, merchants, customers, fellow riders, tax offices, trade unions and the riders themselves. The strongest factors influencing HRM perceptions are money, flexibility, rewards, customer tips, the unpredictability of waiting time, solidarity with other riders, employee support from trade unions and self-motivation of the riders.</p> <p>Thus, the research provides interesting and relevant primary evidence showing that multiple actors influence the positive and negative perceptions for riders working in the food delivery sector in the platform economy.</p> 41 5 Pub_Type 2 41 6 Pub_Year 2020 41 7 Pub_OldID 0 41 8 36933 R07/20 Tomas Fabian Fostering Innovation through Organizational Agility in the Technology-Driven Firm. An Exploratory Case Study in the Media Industry /Files/Filer/Publications/R07_20.pdf <p>This thesis examines how a technology-driven firm can drive innovation through the concept of organizational agility. This research is conducted as an exploratory, single case study investigating the phenomenon in the context of an incumbent media firm. The empirical findings are further related to the existing literature on organizational agility and selected theories within the innovation management discipline.</p> <p>The findings outline the change process and discuss the main drivers of shifting the company towards the organizational agility. The components of organizational agility are identified and presented as &lsquo;Hallmarks&rsquo; concerning established procedures, performed actions and other characteristics related to the studied phenomenon within the research context. Each of the hallmarks is elaborated in detail to develop an overall understanding of how agility can be embraced at an organizational level. Besides, the outcomes in the form of experienced challenges and gained benefits related to adopting organizational agility are identified. The flexibility, speed and customer focus as the main achieved benefits are further discussed in relation to the concept of innovation capacity.</p> <p>The study finds that embracing organizational agility may facilitate sustaining innovation in the technology-driven firm. Additionally, identified hallmarks of organizational agility and gained benefits may support a technology-driven firm in executing a fast follower strategy. A general concern associated with excessive customer-centricity potentially hindering disruptive innovation is emphasized and respective managerial recommendations are proposed.</p> <p>The thesis suggests that both academia and industry would benefit from future research examining the relationship between agility and organizational economic performance and studying the phenomenon in the context of a non-tech organization.</p> 2 2020 0 PubID 36933 42 0 Pub_TypeNumber R07/20 42 1 Pub_Writer Tomas Fabian 42 2 Pub_Title Fostering Innovation through Organizational Agility in the Technology-Driven Firm. An Exploratory Case Study in the Media Industry 42 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R07_20.pdf 42 4 Pub_AbstractEn <p>This thesis examines how a technology-driven firm can drive innovation through the concept of organizational agility. This research is conducted as an exploratory, single case study investigating the phenomenon in the context of an incumbent media firm. The empirical findings are further related to the existing literature on organizational agility and selected theories within the innovation management discipline.</p> <p>The findings outline the change process and discuss the main drivers of shifting the company towards the organizational agility. The components of organizational agility are identified and presented as &lsquo;Hallmarks&rsquo; concerning established procedures, performed actions and other characteristics related to the studied phenomenon within the research context. Each of the hallmarks is elaborated in detail to develop an overall understanding of how agility can be embraced at an organizational level. Besides, the outcomes in the form of experienced challenges and gained benefits related to adopting organizational agility are identified. The flexibility, speed and customer focus as the main achieved benefits are further discussed in relation to the concept of innovation capacity.</p> <p>The study finds that embracing organizational agility may facilitate sustaining innovation in the technology-driven firm. Additionally, identified hallmarks of organizational agility and gained benefits may support a technology-driven firm in executing a fast follower strategy. A general concern associated with excessive customer-centricity potentially hindering disruptive innovation is emphasized and respective managerial recommendations are proposed.</p> <p>The thesis suggests that both academia and industry would benefit from future research examining the relationship between agility and organizational economic performance and studying the phenomenon in the context of a non-tech organization.</p> 42 5 Pub_Type 2 42 6 Pub_Year 2020 42 7 Pub_OldID 0 42 8 36932 R06/20 Samyuktha Kamath The Influence of Agile Ways of Working on Change Capacity. A case study exploring organizational agility in practice /Files/Filer/Publications/R06_20.pdf <p>In this case study, I explore if and how agile ways of working influence change capacity. In that, I investigate the effects on change capacity at both the organizational and individual level. First, to gain an understanding of the prevalent perspectives and arguments on agile and change capacity, literature was reviewed. Second, qualitative data was collected from a single firm set within the banking industry. The findings from this were then analyzed as &lsquo;actions&rsquo; taken by the firm represented by agile ways of working, and the &lsquo;outcome&rsquo; represented by organizational and individual change capacity. While the actions were synonymous with those described in agile literature, the outcome revealed completely new insights not previously addressed by scholars.</p> <p>This study indicates that agile ways of working positively influence change capacity; at the organizational level, by creating shared understanding and quick results. Additionally, it shows that the organization&rsquo;s sensing capabilities are enhanced at the operational level with scope to further optimize them at the strategic level. The influence of agile ways of working on the firm&rsquo;s seizing capabilities is undeniable, as the organization is able to adapt and respond to changes in a rapid manner like never before. At the individual level, agile ways of working create change readiness and trust. At the same time, some risks are identified at both levels, including backlog of work, stress, and fatigue. The positive effects outweigh the risks significantly, indicating the magnitude of benefits an organization can potentially enjoy by adopting agile ways of working.</p> <p>This thesis provides novel and valuable insights to practitioners regarding the benefits of agile ways of working and how its specific elements can build change capacity. It also highlights the role of top management in the process. This study is especially beneficial to those managers who are considering agile ways of working or have recently implemented it at their firm.</p> 2 2020 0 PubID 36932 43 0 Pub_TypeNumber R06/20 43 1 Pub_Writer Samyuktha Kamath 43 2 Pub_Title The Influence of Agile Ways of Working on Change Capacity. A case study exploring organizational agility in practice 43 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R06_20.pdf 43 4 Pub_AbstractEn <p>In this case study, I explore if and how agile ways of working influence change capacity. In that, I investigate the effects on change capacity at both the organizational and individual level. First, to gain an understanding of the prevalent perspectives and arguments on agile and change capacity, literature was reviewed. Second, qualitative data was collected from a single firm set within the banking industry. The findings from this were then analyzed as &lsquo;actions&rsquo; taken by the firm represented by agile ways of working, and the &lsquo;outcome&rsquo; represented by organizational and individual change capacity. While the actions were synonymous with those described in agile literature, the outcome revealed completely new insights not previously addressed by scholars.</p> <p>This study indicates that agile ways of working positively influence change capacity; at the organizational level, by creating shared understanding and quick results. Additionally, it shows that the organization&rsquo;s sensing capabilities are enhanced at the operational level with scope to further optimize them at the strategic level. The influence of agile ways of working on the firm&rsquo;s seizing capabilities is undeniable, as the organization is able to adapt and respond to changes in a rapid manner like never before. At the individual level, agile ways of working create change readiness and trust. At the same time, some risks are identified at both levels, including backlog of work, stress, and fatigue. The positive effects outweigh the risks significantly, indicating the magnitude of benefits an organization can potentially enjoy by adopting agile ways of working.</p> <p>This thesis provides novel and valuable insights to practitioners regarding the benefits of agile ways of working and how its specific elements can build change capacity. It also highlights the role of top management in the process. This study is especially beneficial to those managers who are considering agile ways of working or have recently implemented it at their firm.</p> 43 5 Pub_Type 2 43 6 Pub_Year 2020 43 7 Pub_OldID 0 43 8 36931 R05/20 Vera Patrizia Schmidt Developing Capacity for Continuous Renewal of the Established Firm /Files/Filer/Publications/R05_20.pdf <p>This thesis explores how innovation units within structurally ambidextrous established firms evolve over time. The case study is performed in the setting of a large Scandinavian media firm; more specifically in the innovation unit tasked with exploring video content for its parent brand newspaper. I further draw on my informants&rsquo; experiences with historical innovation units that emerged from within the newspaper department.</p> <p>I inductively develop a process model that reveals the different structural configurations an exploratory unit traverses as time goes by. I ascertain that the innovation process consists of four distinct, yet interrelated phases: scouting, separating, maturing, and reintegrating. While the main focus of this thesis lies on the exploratory unit, my analysis also reveals several implications for structural ambidexterity on the corporate level. By taking a process approach, my study enriches the currently prevailing static approach and shows that established firms ought to engage in iterative innovation processes to realize the full potential of structural ambidexterity. This enables them to stay innovative and continuously renew themselves.</p> <p>My findings contribute to extant research by offering a process view of how innovation units evolve over time. I propose that the paradox stemming from the innovation division&rsquo;s need to explore new opportunities while simultaneously maintaining previously explored technologies can be handled by becoming contextually ambidextrous. This finding dilutes the lines between the two organizational ambidexterity modes that are presented in traditional literature as distinct. My research further suggests that structural ambidexterity is not a one-time decision, but rather an iterative process.</p> <p>This study also has practical implications for managers tasked with innovation. From the exploratory unit&rsquo;s perspective, managers should see the bigger picture (i.e. their contribution to the focal firm&rsquo;s strategic renewal) and internalize the natural progression of the relationship with the established firm over time. Further, it highlights the necessity to train generalists and create a context that enables employees to handle the emerging exploration-exploitation dilemma. On the corporate level, this study reveals that top managers need to constantly manage several innovation processes to ensure sustained innovativeness. It thus highlights the value of managers who have experience with the innovation process for building the required change capacity. Moreover, it requires managers from the established firm to continuously assess how mature an innovation is and to adapt the organizational structure accordingly. </p> 2 2020 0 PubID 36931 44 0 Pub_TypeNumber R05/20 44 1 Pub_Writer Vera Patrizia Schmidt 44 2 Pub_Title Developing Capacity for Continuous Renewal of the Established Firm 44 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R05_20.pdf 44 4 Pub_AbstractEn <p>This thesis explores how innovation units within structurally ambidextrous established firms evolve over time. The case study is performed in the setting of a large Scandinavian media firm; more specifically in the innovation unit tasked with exploring video content for its parent brand newspaper. I further draw on my informants&rsquo; experiences with historical innovation units that emerged from within the newspaper department.</p> <p>I inductively develop a process model that reveals the different structural configurations an exploratory unit traverses as time goes by. I ascertain that the innovation process consists of four distinct, yet interrelated phases: scouting, separating, maturing, and reintegrating. While the main focus of this thesis lies on the exploratory unit, my analysis also reveals several implications for structural ambidexterity on the corporate level. By taking a process approach, my study enriches the currently prevailing static approach and shows that established firms ought to engage in iterative innovation processes to realize the full potential of structural ambidexterity. This enables them to stay innovative and continuously renew themselves.</p> <p>My findings contribute to extant research by offering a process view of how innovation units evolve over time. I propose that the paradox stemming from the innovation division&rsquo;s need to explore new opportunities while simultaneously maintaining previously explored technologies can be handled by becoming contextually ambidextrous. This finding dilutes the lines between the two organizational ambidexterity modes that are presented in traditional literature as distinct. My research further suggests that structural ambidexterity is not a one-time decision, but rather an iterative process.</p> <p>This study also has practical implications for managers tasked with innovation. From the exploratory unit&rsquo;s perspective, managers should see the bigger picture (i.e. their contribution to the focal firm&rsquo;s strategic renewal) and internalize the natural progression of the relationship with the established firm over time. Further, it highlights the necessity to train generalists and create a context that enables employees to handle the emerging exploration-exploitation dilemma. On the corporate level, this study reveals that top managers need to constantly manage several innovation processes to ensure sustained innovativeness. It thus highlights the value of managers who have experience with the innovation process for building the required change capacity. Moreover, it requires managers from the established firm to continuously assess how mature an innovation is and to adapt the organizational structure accordingly. </p> 44 5 Pub_Type 2 44 6 Pub_Year 2020 44 7 Pub_OldID 0 44 8 36930 R03/20 Astrid Sandvik og Aurora Solberg Engen Ledelse av agile team /Files/Filer/Publications/R03_20.pdf 2 2020 0 PubID 36930 45 0 Pub_TypeNumber R03/20 45 1 Pub_Writer Astrid Sandvik og Aurora Solberg Engen 45 2 Pub_Title Ledelse av agile team 45 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R03_20.pdf 45 4 Pub_AbstractEn 45 5 Pub_Type 2 45 6 Pub_Year 2020 45 7 Pub_OldID 0 45 8 36929 R02/20 Frida Christensen og Frida Gustafsson Når smidige modeller begrenser smidighet. En casestudie om hvilke begrensinger et smidig rammeverk kan legge for agile team i veletablerte selskaper /Files/Filer/Publications/R02_20.pdf 2 2020 0 PubID 36929 46 0 Pub_TypeNumber R02/20 46 1 Pub_Writer Frida Christensen og Frida Gustafsson 46 2 Pub_Title Når smidige modeller begrenser smidighet. En casestudie om hvilke begrensinger et smidig rammeverk kan legge for agile team i veletablerte selskaper 46 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/R02_20.pdf 46 4 Pub_AbstractEn 46 5 Pub_Type 2 46 6 Pub_Year 2020 46 7 Pub_OldID 0 46 8 36928 Int. J. Business and Emerging Markets, 12(4), 405-421 (2020) Igor Makienko and Alexander Jakubanecs Evaluation of foreign products in the context of South-North geographic cues /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 36928 47 0 Pub_TypeNumber Int. J. Business and Emerging Markets, 12(4), 405-421 (2020) 47 1 Pub_Writer Igor Makienko and Alexander Jakubanecs 47 2 Pub_Title Evaluation of foreign products in the context of South-North geographic cues 47 3 Pub_Publication /Files 47 4 Pub_AbstractEn 47 5 Pub_Type 3 47 6 Pub_Year 2020 47 7 Pub_OldID 0 47 8 35933 Beta, 34(2), 183-206 (2020) Ola Lindberg, Daniel Lotsberg og Torstein Nesheim Fra regionale kongedømmer til sentralisert stat? Radikal strukturendring i en digital tid /Files 3 2020 0 PubID 35933 48 0 Pub_TypeNumber Beta, 34(2), 183-206 (2020) 48 1 Pub_Writer Ola Lindberg, Daniel Lotsberg og Torstein Nesheim 48 2 Pub_Title Fra regionale kongedømmer til sentralisert stat? Radikal strukturendring i en digital tid 48 3 Pub_Publication /Files 48 4 Pub_AbstractEn 48 5 Pub_Type 3 48 6 Pub_Year 2020 48 7 Pub_OldID 0 48 8 35932 A08/20 Trond Bjørndal, Torben Foss, Gordon R. Munro and Mogens Schou Brexit and Consequences for Quota Sharing in the Barents Sea Cod Fishery /Files/Filer/Publications/A08_20_(2).pdf 1 2020 0 PubID 35932 49 0 Pub_TypeNumber A08/20 49 1 Pub_Writer Trond Bjørndal, Torben Foss, Gordon R. Munro and Mogens Schou 49 2 Pub_Title Brexit and Consequences for Quota Sharing in the Barents Sea Cod Fishery 49 3 Pub_Publication /Files/Filer/Publications/A08_20_(2).pdf 49 4 Pub_AbstractEn 49 5 Pub_Type 1 49 6 Pub_Year 2020 49 7 Pub_OldID 0 49 8